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Does using marijuana increase the risk for developing schizophrenia?

Authors: A. Eden Evins, Alan I. Green, John M. Kane, Sir Robin M. Murray
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, April 2013

As more US states and other countries consider legalizing marijuana, clinicians need to know the possible effects of this drug. Research has shown a connection between marijuana use and an increased risk for schizophrenia in young people who are vulnerable to developing psycho…

Birth outcomes associated with cannabis use before and during pregnancy.

Authors: Mohammad R. Hayatbakhsh, Vicki J. Flenady, Kristen S. Gibbons, Ann M. Kingsbury, et al
Pediatric Research, February 2012

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to examine the association between cannabis use before and during pregnancy and birth outcomes. RESULTS: Overall, 26.3% of women reported previous use of cannabis and 2.6% reported current use. Multivariate analysis, controlling for potential con…

Potential protective effects of cannabidiol on neuroanatomical alterations in cannabis users and psychosis: a critical review.

Authors: Derik Hermann , Miriam Schneider
Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2012

Cannabis use and the development of schizophrenic psychoses share a variety of similarities. Both start during late adolescence; go along with neuropsychological deficits, reduced activity, motivation deficits, and hallucinations suggesting impairment of similar brain structur…

Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome.

Authors: Jonathan A. Galli, Ronald Andari Sawaya, Frank K. Friedenberg
Current Drug Abuse Reviews, December 2011

Coinciding with the increasing rates of cannabis abuse has been the recognition of a new clinical condition known as Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome. Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome is characterized by chronic cannabis use, cyclic episodes of nausea and vomiting, and frequen…

Cannabinoid hyperemesis: a case series.

Authors: Michael W. Donnino, Michael N. Cocchi, Joseph Miller, Jonathan Fisher
The Journal of Emergency Medicine, April 2011

BACKGROUND: Cannabinoid use is prevalent in the United States, with recent reports of increased usage among younger Americans. Traditionally, cannabinoids have been used recreationally or as antiemetics; however, recent reports suggest that chronic abuse can result in the para…

If cannabis caused schizophrenia–how many cannabis users may need to be prevented in order to prevent one case of schizophrenia? England and Wales calculations.

Authors: Matt Hickman, Peter Vickerman, John Macleod, Glyn Lewis, Stan Zammit, et al
Addiction, November 2009

BACKGROUND: We consider how many cannabis users may need to be prevented in order to prevent one case of schizophrenia or psychosis [defined as number needed to prevent (NNP)]. METHOD: Calculation for England and Wales using best available estimates of: incidence of schizophre…

Assessing the impact of cannabis use on trends in diagnosed schizophrenia in the United Kingdom from 1996 to 2005.

Authors: Martin Frisher, Ilana Crome, Orsolina Martino, Peter Croft
Schizophrenia Research, September 2009

A recent systematic review concluded that cannabis use increases risk of psychotic outcomes independently of confounding and transient intoxication effects. Furthermore, a model of the association between cannabis use and schizophrenia indicated that the incidence and prevalen…

Neuroanatomic comparison of bipolar adolescents with and without cannabis use disorders.

Authors: Kelly Jarvis, Melissa P. DelBello, Neil Mills, Igor Elman, Stephen M. Strakowski, Caleb M. Adler
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, December 2008

OBJECTIVE: Co-occurrence of substance use and bipolar disorders is both common and associated with poor treatment response and greater functional impairment than either disorder alone. The neurophysiological correlates of this co-morbidity however, remain unclear. In this pilo…

Marijuana dependence and its treatment.

Authors: Alan J. Budney, Roger Roffman, Robert S. Stephens, Denise Walker
Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, December 2007

The prevalence of marijuana abuse and dependence disorders has been increasing among adults and adolescents in the United States. This paper reviews the problems associated with marijuana use, including unique characteristics of marijuana dependence, and the results of laborat…

Cannabinoid hyperemesis: cyclical hyperemesis in association with chronic cannabis abuse.

Authors: J H Allen, G M de Moore, R Heddle, J C Twartz
Gut, November 2004

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To explore the association between chronic cannabis abuse and a cyclical vomiting illness that presented in a series of cases in South Australia. METHODS: Nineteen patients were identified with chronic cannabis abuse and a cyclical vomiting illness. For le…

Survey on cannabis use in Parkinson’s disease: subjective improvement of motor symptoms.

Authors: Katerina Venderova, Evzen Růzicka, Viktor Vorısek, Peter Visnovsky
Movement Disorders, September 2004

An anonymous questionnaire sent to all patients attending the Prague Movement Disorder Centre revealed that 25% of 339 respondents had taken cannabis and 45.9% of these described some form of benefit.

Cannabis use in adolescence and risk for adult psychosis: longitudinal prospective study.

Authors: Louise Arseneault, Mary Cannon, Richie Poulton, Robin Murray, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E Moffitt
BMJ, 23 November 2002

The strongest evidence that cannabis use may be a risk factor for later psychosis comes from a Swedish cohort study which found that heavy cannabis use at age 18 increased the risk of later schizophrenia sixfold. This study could not establish whether adolescent cannabis use w…